cape town

 

  • The Cape Peninsula, which lies entirely within the city of Cape Town, has the highest concentration of threatened species of any continental area of equivalent size in the
    world.

  • Geography and the natural environment Cape Town is located at latitude 33.55° S (approximately the same as Sydney and Buenos Aires and equivalent to Casablanca and Los Angeles
    in the northern hemisphere) and longitude 18.25° E. Table Mountain, with its near vertical cliffs and flat-topped summit over 1,000 m (3,300 ft) high, and with Devil’s Peak and Lion’s Head on either side, together form a dramatic mountainous
    backdrop enclosing the central area of Cape Town, the so-called City Bowl.

  • The Southern Suburbs is also well known as having some of the oldest, and most sought after residential areas within the City of Cape Town.

  • Spring and summer generally feature a strong wind from the south-east, known locally as the south-easter or the Cape Doctor, so called because it blows air pollution away.

  • Helderberg[edit] See also: Helderberg The Helderberg area of Cape Town, previously known as the “Hottentots-Holland” area, is mostly residential, but also a wine-producing
    area east of the Cape Flats, west of the Hottentots Holland mountain range and south of the Helderberg mountain, from which it gets its current name.

  • [45] A worldwide survey suggested that the extinction rate of endemic plants from the City of Cape Town is one of the highest in the world, at roughly three per year since
    1900 – partly a consequence of the very small and localised habitats and high endemicity.

  • [52] South Peninsula[edit] The South Peninsula is a predominantly English-speaking area in the Cape Town Metropolitan area and is generally regarded as the area South of Muizenberg
    on False Bay and Noordhoek on the Atlantic Ocean, all the way to Cape Point.

  • Cape Peninsula[edit] Further information: Cape Peninsula § Physical geography The Cape Peninsula is 52 km long from Mouille point in the north to Cape Point in the south,[15]
    with an area of about 470 km2, and it displays more topographical variety than other similar sized areas in southern Africa, and consequently spectacular scenery.

  • [44] Cape Town reached first place in the 2019 iNaturalist City Nature Challenge in two out of the three categories: Most Observations, and Most Species.

  • This wind is caused by a persistent high-pressure system over the South Atlantic to the west of Cape Town, known as the South Atlantic High, which shifts latitude seasonally,
    following the sun, and influencing the strength of the fronts and their northward reach.

  • [83]: 226–227  During this period urban in-migration from the Eastern Cape, primarily settling in the Cape Flats area of the city, has been driven by relatively better economic
    prospects in the city as well as the underdevelopment of rural areas of the Eastern Cape and the marginal agrarian conditions that exist there.

  • [14] Located on the shore of Table Bay, the City Bowl area of Cape Town, is the oldest urban area in the Western Cape, with a significant cultural heritage.

  • [76] Since the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic in South Africa the South African media has reported that increasing numbers of wealthy and middle class South Africans have
    started moving from inland areas of South Africa to coastal regions of the country, most notably Cape Town, in a phenomenon referred to as “semigration.

  • There are over 70 peaks above 300 m (980 ft) within Cape Town’s official city limits.

  • At this time the drainage outlets lay between Rocky Bank Cape Point to the west, and between Rocky Bank and Hangklip Ridge to the east, with the watershed roughly along the
    line of the contact zone east of Seal Island and Whittle Rock.

  • Located in a Conservation International biodiversity hotspot as well as the unique Cape Floristic Region, the city of Cape Town has one of the highest levels of biodiversity
    of any equivalent area in the world.

  • [28]: 10  In the summer to early autumn (January–March), cold water upwelling near Cape Hangklip causes a strong surface temperature gradient between the south-western and
    north-eastern corners of the bay.

  • These geographic features in part divide the city into several commonly known groupings of suburbs (equivalent to districts outside South Africa), many of which developed
    historically together and share common attributes of language and culture.

  • Light industrial areas are also found in the area.

  • South Africa’s largest naval base is located at Simon’s Town harbour, and close by is Boulders Beach, the site of a large colony of African penguins.

  • [16] Cape Flats[edit] Further information: Cape Flats § Geography The Cape Flats (Afrikaans: Kaapse Vlakte) is a flat, low-lying, sandy area, area to the east the Cape Peninsula,
    and west of the Helderberg much of which was wetland and dunes within recent history.

  • Many of the city’s suburbs lie on the large plain called the Cape Flats, which extends over 50 kilometres (30 mi) to the east and joins the peninsula to the mainland.

  • Erosion rate and drainage has been influenced by fault lines and fractures, leaving remnant steep-sided massifs like Table Mountain surrounded by flatter slopes of deposits
    of the eroded material overlaying the older rocks,[16] There are two internationally notable landmarks, Table Mountain and Cape Point, at opposite ends of the Peninsula Mountain Chain, with the Cape Flats and False Bay to the east and the
    Atlantic Ocean to the west.

  • West of Wynberg lies Constantia which, in addition to being a wealthy neighbourhood, is a notable wine-growing region within the City of Cape Town, and attracts tourists for
    its well-known wine farms and Cape Dutch architecture.

  • [11] The city is known for its harbour, for its natural setting in the Cape Floristic Region, and for landmarks such as Table Mountain and Cape Point.

  • It originated as a small settlement at the foot of Table Mountain and has grown to encompass the entire Cape Peninsula to the south, the Cape Flats, the Helderberg basin and
    part of the Steenbras catchment area to the east, and the Tygerberg hills, Blouberg and other areas to the north.

  • [95] Little is known of the history of the region’s first residents, since there is no written history from the area before it was first mentioned by Portuguese explorer Bartolomeu
    Dias in 1488 who was the first European to reach the area and named it “Cape of Storms” (Cabo das Tormentas).

  • Beaches located on the Atlantic Coast tend to have colder water due to the wind driven upwellings which contribute to the Benguela current which originates off the Cape Peninsula,
    while the water at False Bay beaches may occasionally be warmer by up to 10 °C (18 °F) at the same time in summer.

  • [37] It is home to a total of 19 different vegetation types, of which several are endemic to the city and occur nowhere else in the world.

  • A significant portion of this water ends up in the Cape Flats Aquifer, which lie beneath the central and southern parts of the Cape Flats.

  • [53] Cape Flats[edit] Main article: Cape Flats The Cape Flats is an expansive, low-lying, flat area situated to the city center’s southeast.

  • Camps Bay is home to the highest concentration of multimillionaires in Cape Town and has the highest number of high-priced mansions in South Africa with more than 155 residential
    units exceeding R20 million (or $US1.8 million).

  • Cape Town outgrew its original purpose as the first European outpost at the Castle of Good Hope, becoming the economic and cultural hub of the Cape Colony.

  • The Table Mountain National Park is within the city boundaries and there are several other nature reserves and marine protected areas within and adjacent to the city, protecting
    the diverse terrestrial and marine natural environment.

  • [84] Circulatory migration between the informal communities and townships of Cape Town (such as Khayelitsha) and the rural Eastern Cape has created and maintained strong social
    connections between the two areas.

  • [51] Southern Suburbs[edit] Main article: Southern Suburbs, Cape Town The Southern Suburbs lie along the eastern slopes of Table Mountain, southeast of the city centre.

  • [90][91] Cape Town had the highest murder rate among large South African cities at 77 murders per 100,000 people in the period April 2018 to March 2019, with 3157 murders
    mostly occurring in poor townships created under the apartheid regime.

  • [54] Helderberg[edit] Main article: Helderberg The Helderberg is a small region in the Cape Town Metropolitan area located on the north-eastern corner of False Bay.

  • Most of the land of the Cape Flats is used for residential areas, the majority of which are formal, but with several informal settlements present.

  • Sea surface temperatures[edit] See also: False Bay § Waves, tides, water circulation and temperature; and Cape Peninsula § Oceanography Charts of sea surface temperature in
    and near False Bay in summer and winter[27] Cape Town’s coastal water ranges from cold to mild, and the difference between the two sides of the peninsula can be dramatic.

  • The present landscape is due to prolonged erosion having carved out deep valleys, removing parts of the once continuous Table Mountain Group sandstone cover from over the
    Cape Flats and False Bay, and leaving high residual mountain ridges.

  • The city has a long coastline on the Atlantic Ocean, which includes False Bay, and extends to the Hottentots Holland mountains in the East.

  • City Bowl[edit] Main article: City Bowl An aerial panoramic of Cape Town’s City Bowl taken from above Signal Hill looking north.

  • • South Africa’s national parliament building is located in Cape Town.

  • [46] Communities and the built environment Cape Town’s urban geography is influenced by the contours of Table Mountain,[47] the surrounding peaks of the Cape Peninsula, the
    Durbanville Hills, and the expansive lowland region known as the Cape Flats.

  • [80] 20th century[edit] The 1936 census recorded that the city was the second largest in South Africa with a total population of 344,223 residents; 3,740 (1.09%) of whom were
    recorded as Asian, 14,160 (4.11%) as Black African, 152,911 (44.42%) as Coloured and 173,412 (50.37%) as White.

  • Cape Town (Afrikaans: Kaapstad; [ˈkɑːpstat], Xhosa: iKapa) is one of South Africa’s three capital cities, serving as the seat of the Parliament of South Africa.

  • [17] Visitors can only access the island via the Robben Island Museum boat service, which runs three times daily until the beginning of the peak season (1 September).

  • [82] The repealing of apartheid laws limiting the movement of people to Cape Town based on race in 1986 contributed to long period of rapid population growth.

  • Winter, which lasts from the beginning of June to the end of August, may see large cold fronts entering for limited periods from the Atlantic Ocean with significant precipitation
    and strong north-westerly winds.

  • [27] Occasionally eddies from the Agulhas current will bring warmer water and vagrant sea life carried from the south and east coasts into False Bay.

  • Cape Town is home to 66% of the Western Cape’s population.

  • [75] According to the 2016 City of Cape Town community survey, there were 4,004,793 people in the City of Cape Town metro.

  • In the Cape Flats alone, there were approximately 100,000 people in over 130 different gangs in 2018.

  • The rainfall patterns on the Cape Flats vary with longitude, such that the eastern parts get a minimum of 214mm per year and the central and western parts get 800mm per year.

  • [18] At times the sea covered the Cape Flats and Noordhoek valley and the Cape Peninsula was then a group of islands.

  • Unlike other parts of the country the city does not have many thunderstorms, and most of those that do occur, happen around October to December and March to April.

  • [89] Since July 2019 widespread violent crime in poorer gang dominated areas of greater Cape Town has resulted in an ongoing military presence in these neighbourhoods.

  • [50] The Northern Suburbs are home to Tygerberg Hospital, the largest hospital in the Western Cape and second largest in South Africa.

  • [43] The remaining ecosystems are partially protected through a system of over 30 nature reserves – including the massive Table Mountain National Park.

  • [10] Cape Town is ranked as a Beta world city by the Globalization and World Cities Research Network.

  • The dam has been supplemented by several other dams around the western Cape, some of them considerably larger.

  • The Philippi Horticultural area in the south-east is used for cultivation and contains many smallholdings.

  • The City Bowl is a natural amphitheatre-shaped area bordered by Table Bay and defined by the mountains of Signal Hill, Lion’s Head, Table Mountain and Devil’s Peak.

  • Robben Island is located in Table Bay, some 6 km (3.7 mi) west of Bloubergstrand in Cape Town, and stands some 30m above sea level.

  • Blaauwberg[edit] Blaauwberg is a coastal region of the Cape Town Metropolitan area and lies along the coast to the north of Cape Town, and includes the suburbs Bloubergstrand,
    Milnerton, Tableview, West Beach, Big Bay, Sunset Beach, Sunningdale, Parklands and Parklands North, as well as the exurbs of Atlantis, Mamre and Melkbosstrand.

  • The area includes the central business district of Cape Town, the harbour, the Company’s Garden, and the residential suburbs of De Waterkant, Devil’s Peak, District Six, Zonnebloem,
    Gardens, Bo-Kaap, Higgovale, Oranjezicht, Schotsche Kloof, Tamboerskloof, University Estate, Vredehoek, Walmer Estate and Woodstock.

  • Robben Island in Table Bay is also part of Cape Town.

  • [12] In 2014, Cape Town was named the best place in the world to visit by both The New York Times[13] and The Daily Telegraph.

  • [93] In 2022 the Mexican Council for Public Security and Criminal Justice ranked Cape Town as one of the 50 most violent cities in the world.

  • [6] It is the legislative capital of the country, the oldest city in the country, and the second largest (after Johannesburg).

 

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