los angeles

 

  • The Hispanic population has a long established Mexican-American and Central American community and is spread well-nigh throughout the entire city of Los Angeles and its metropolitan
    area.

  • [130] Chinese people, which make up 1.8% of Los Angeles’s population, reside mostly outside of Los Angeles city limits and rather in the San Gabriel Valley of eastern Los
    Angeles County, but make a sizable presence in the city, notably in Chinatown.

  • [86] Los Angeles is often characterized by the presence of low-rise buildings, in contrast to New York City.

  • [139] Many of Los Angeles’s Jews now live on the Westside and in the San Fernando Valley, though Boyle Heights once had a large Jewish population prior to World War II due
    to restrictive housing covenants.

  • With a 2020 population of 3,898,747,[10] it is the largest city in the state, as well as the second-largest city in the United States following New York City.

  • [39] Because of clauses in the city’s charter that prevented the City of Los Angeles from selling or providing water from the aqueduct to any area outside its borders, many
    adjacent cities and communities felt compelled to join Los Angeles.

  • [120] Los Angeles is also home to the nation’s largest urban oil field.

  • The Japanese comprise 0.9% of LA’s population and have an established Little Tokyo in the city’s downtown, and another significant community of Japanese Americans is in the
    Sawtelle district of West Los Angeles.

  • [132] Apart from South Los Angeles, neighborhoods in the Central region of Los Angeles, as Mid-City and Mid-Wilshire have a moderate concentration of African Americans as
    well.

  • Los Angeles City Council also designated seven industrial zones within the city.

  • [92] Within the City of Los Angeles, the highest temperature ever officially recorded is 121 °F (49 °C), on September 6, 2020, at the weather station at Pierce College in
    the San Fernando Valley neighborhood of Woodland Hills.

  • However, between 1908 and 1915, the Los Angeles City Council created various exceptions to the broad proscriptions that applied to these three residential zones, and as a
    consequence, some industrial uses emerged within them.

  • [31] By this time, the new republic introduced more secularization acts within the Los Angeles region.

  • [18] In 2018, the Los Angeles metropolitan area had a gross metropolitan product of over $1.0 trillion,[19] making it the city with the third-largest GDP in the world, after
    Tokyo and New York City.

  • “[47] General George Patton during a welcome-home parade in Los Angeles, June 9, 1945 After the end of World War II Los Angeles grew more rapidly than ever, sprawling into
    the San Fernando Valley.

  • With 621,000 Jews in the metropolitan area, the region has the second-largest population of Jews in the United States, after New York City.

  • Also Los Angeles is increasingly becoming a city of apartments rather than single-family dwellings, especially in the dense inner city and Westside neighborhoods.

  • [119] The American Lung Association’s 2013 survey ranks the metro area as having the nation’s worst smog, and fourth in both short-term and year-round pollution amounts.

  • [95] The city, like much of the Southern Californian coast, is subject to a late spring/early summer weather phenomenon called “June Gloom”.

  • [127] The majority of the Non-Hispanic White population is living in areas along the Pacific coast as well as in neighborhoods near and on the Santa Monica Mountains from
    the Pacific Palisades to Los Feliz.

  • Issues of air quality in Los Angeles and other major cities led to the passage of early national environmental legislation, including the Clean Air Act.

  • On September 14, 1908, the Los Angeles City Council promulgated residential and industrial land use zones.

  • In 1848, at the end of the Mexican–American War, Los Angeles and the rest of California were purchased as part of the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, and thus became part of
    the United States.

  • [79] The Los Angeles basin and metropolitan area are also at risk from blind thrust earthquakes.

  • The number of Stage 1 smog alerts in Los Angeles has declined from over 100 per year in the 1970s to almost zero in the new millennium.

  • The Breed Street Shul in East Los Angeles, built in 1923, was the largest synagogue west of Chicago in its early decades; it is no longer in daily use as a synagogue and is
    being converted to a museum and community center.

  • [92][99] While the most recent snowfall occurred in February 2019, the first snowfall since 1962,[100][101] with snow falling in areas adjacent to Los Angeles as recently
    as January 2021.

  • When the act was passed, California was unable to create a State Implementation Plan that would enable it to meet the new air quality standards, largely because of the level
    of pollution in Los Angeles generated by older vehicles.

  • Major streets are designed to move large volumes of traffic through many parts of the city, many of which are extremely long; Sepulveda Boulevard is 43 miles (69 km) long,
    while Foothill Boulevard is over 60 miles (97 km) long, reaching as far east as San Bernardino.

  • Manufacturing in Los Angeles skyrocketed, and as William S. Knudsen, of the National Defense Advisory Commission put it, “We won because we smothered the enemy in an avalanche
    of production, the like of which he had never seen, nor dreamed possible.

  • Furthermore, a vast majority of residents in neighborhoods in eastern South Los Angeles towards Downey are of Hispanic origin.

  • In 1910, Hollywood merged into Los Angeles, with 10 movie companies already operating in the city at the time.

  • [111][112] Owing to geography, heavy reliance on automobiles, and the Los Angeles/Long Beach port complex, Los Angeles suffers from air pollution in the form of smog.

  • Both freezing temperatures and snowfall are extremely rare in the city basin and along the coast, with the last occurrence of a 32 °F (0 °C) reading at the downtown station
    being January 29, 1979;[92] freezing temperatures occur nearly every year in valley locations while the mountains within city limits typically receive snowfall every winter.

  • [131] Chinatown and Thaitown are also home to many Thais and Cambodians, which make up 0.3% and 0.1% of Los Angeles’s population, respectively.

  • The segment of the fault passing through Southern California experiences a major earthquake roughly every 110 to 140 years, and seismologists have warned about the next “big
    one”, as the last major earthquake was the 1857 Fort Tejon earthquake.

  • Outside of a few centers such as Downtown, Warner Center, Century City, Koreatown, Miracle Mile, Hollywood, and Westwood, skyscrapers and high-rise buildings are not common
    in Los Angeles.

  • Los Angeles was incorporated as a municipality on April 4, 1850, five months before California achieved statehood.

  • Los Angeles is known for its Mediterranean climate, ethnic and cultural diversity, Hollywood film industry, and sprawling metropolitan area.

  • Drivers in Los Angeles suffer from one of the worst rush hour periods in the world, according to an annual traffic index by navigation system maker, TomTom.

  • As a consequence of World War II, suburban growth, and population density, many amusement parks were built and operated in this area.

  • [129] Ethnic enclaves like Chinatown, Historic Filipinotown, Koreatown, Little Armenia, Little Ethiopia, Tehrangeles, Little Tokyo, Little Bangladesh, and Thai Town provide
    examples of the polyglot character of Los Angeles.

  • Despite being boycotted by 14 Communist countries, the 1984 Olympics became more financially successful than any previous,[54] and the second Olympics to turn a profit; the
    other, according to an analysis of contemporary newspaper reports, was the 1932 Summer Olympics, also held in Los Angeles.

  • [17] The city was further expanded with the completion of the Los Angeles Aqueduct in 1913, which delivers water from Eastern California.

  • There are more than 700 active oil wells within 1,500 feet (460 m) of homes, churches, schools and hospitals in the city, a situation about which the EPA has voiced serious
    concerns.

  • [94] A clear evening view of Mount Lee and the Hollywood Sign from the Griffith Observatory lawn The Los Angeles area is also subject to phenomena typical of a microclimate,
    causing extreme variations in temperature in close physical proximity to each other.

  • African Americans have been the predominant ethnic group in South Los Angeles, which has emerged as the largest African American community in the western United States since
    the 1960s.

  • [78] The strike-slip San Andreas Fault system, which sits at the boundary between the Pacific Plate and the North American Plate, passes through the Los Angeles metropolitan
    area.

  • Environmental issues Further information: Pollution in California § Los Angeles air pollution The city is often covered in smog, December 2005.

  • [116] Despite improvement, the 2006 and 2007 annual reports of the American Lung Association ranked the city as the most polluted in the country with short-term particle pollution
    and year-round particle pollution.

  • [96] More recently, statewide droughts in California have further strained the city’s water security.

  • By 1921, more than 80 percent of the world’s film industry was concentrated in L.A.[44] The money generated by the industry kept the city insulated from much of the economic
    loss suffered by the rest of the country during the Great Depression.

  • Los Angeles is home to people from more than 140 countries speaking 224 different identified languages.

  • [114] While other large cities rely on rain to clear smog, Los Angeles gets only 15 inches (380 mm) of rain each year: pollution accumulates over many consecutive days.

  • [84] These neighborhoods were developed piecemeal, and are well-defined enough that the city has signage which marks nearly all of them.

  • Surrounding the city are much higher mountains.

  • [43] Hill Street, looking north from 6th Street, c. 1913. Notable sites include Central Park (today’s Pershing Square) (the trees, lower left), Hotel Portsmouth (lower right),
    and the Hill Street tunnel (at end of street).

  • Further afield, the highest point in southern California is San Gorgonio Mountain, 81 miles (130 km) east of downtown Los Angeles,[73] with a height of 11,503 feet (3,506
    m).

  • Los Angeles has a diverse economy, and hosts businesses in a broad range of professional and cultural fields.

  • [35] Petroleum was discovered in the city and surrounding area in 1892, and by 1923, the discoveries had helped California become the country’s largest oil producer, accounting
    for about one-quarter of the world’s petroleum output.

  • [118] The city met its goal of providing 20 percent of the city’s power from renewable sources in 2010.

  • [80] Major earthquakes that have hit the Los Angeles area include the 1933 Long Beach, 1971 San Fernando, 1987 Whittier Narrows, and the 1994 Northridge events.

  • It is most heavily concentrated in regions around Downtown as East Los Angeles, Northeast Los Angeles and Westlake.

  • [28] The settlement remained a small ranch town for decades, but by 1820, the population had increased to about 650 residents.

  • Indians make up 0.9% of the city’s population.

  • Vietnamese make up 0.5% of Los Angeles’s population.

  • [20][21][16] Maritime explorer Juan Rodríguez Cabrillo claimed the area of southern California for the Spanish Empire in 1542 while on an official military exploring expedition
    moving north along the Pacific coast from earlier colonizing bases of New Spain in Central and South America.

  • ‘The Angels’), often referred to by its initials L.A.,[15] is a major city in the U.S. state of California.

  • Climate Los Angeles has a two-season Mediterranean climate of dry summer and very mild winter (Köppen Csb on the coast and most of downtown, Csa near the metropolitan region
    to the west), and receives just enough annual precipitation to avoid being classified as a semi-arid climate (BSh).

  • [40][41][42] Los Angeles created the first municipal zoning ordinance in the United States.

  • Immediately to the north lie the San Gabriel Mountains, which is a popular recreation area for Angelenos.

 

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