• Some quilters also use a home sewing machine for quilting together the layers of the quilt, as well as binding the final product.

• It is used in the last stage of making a quilt, and is a method of covering the edges of the quilt.

• In 1900, with the introduction of sewing machines and readily available fabric in Seminole communities, the patterns became much more elaborate and the style continues to
  be in use today, both by Seminole women and by others who have copied and adapted their designs and techniques.

• [10] Art quilting[edit] Main article: Quilt art During the late 20th century, art quilts became popular for their aesthetic and artistic qualities rather than for functionality
  as they are displayed on a wall or table rather than being used on a bed.. “It is believed that decorative quilting came to Europe and Asia during the Crusades (A.D. 1100–1300), a likely idea because textile arts were more developed in China
  and India than in the West.

• Specialty styles • Foundation piecing – also known as paper-piecing – sewing pieces of fabric onto a temporary or permanent foundation • Shadow or echo quilting – Hawaiian
  quilting, where quilting is done around an appliquéd piece on the quilt top, then the quilting is echoed again and again around the previous quilting line.

• [1] However the sewing techniques of piecing, appliqué, and quilting have been used for clothing and furnishings in diverse parts of the world for several millennia and a
  wide range of quilting styles and techniques have uniquely evolved around the globe.

• Once pieced, the quilt top is placed on a reed mat with the other layers and sewn together using thick, colored thread in straight parallel lines by members of the designer’s
  family and community.

• [8] Gee’s Bend is a small, isolated community of African-Americans in southern Alabama with a quilt-making tradition that goes back several generations[9][10] and is characterized
  by pattern improvisation, multiple patterning, bright and contrasting colors, visual motion, and a lack of rules.

• Eventually the style began to be used not just for clothing but for quilts as well.

• Quilting templates/patterns come in many varieties and are generally considered the basis of the structure of the quilt, like a blueprint for a house.

• In American Colonial times, quilts were predominantly whole-cloth quilts—a single piece of fabric layered with batting and backing held together with fine needlework quilting.

• Quilting can be considered one of the first examples of upcycling, as it has historically made extensive use of remnants and offcuts for the creation of new products.

• The style of these quilts was determined largely by time period and region, rather than race, and the documented slave-made quilts generally resemble those made by white women
  in their region.

• As industrial sewing technology has become more precise and flexible, quilting using exotic fabrics and embroidery began to appear in home furnishings in the early 21st century.

• The stitches are decorative, but also functional; they hold the pieced cotton rags together Quilting in Japan, until the 20th century, generally covered local bast fibers
  with more valuable cotton cloth.

• Women would make strips of sewing the remnants of fabric rolls together, then sew these into larger pieces to make clothing.

• The quilt blocks are repeated, or sometimes alternated with plain blocks, to form the overall design of a quilt.

• The characteristics of a modern quilt may include: the use of bold colors and prints, high contrast and graphic areas of solid color, improvisational piecing, minimalism,
  expansive negative space, and alternate grid work.

• Specialist quilting threads come in many types, including different weights of thread and different materials.

• Paper was cut into shapes and used as a pattern; each individual piece of cut fabric was basted around the paper pattern.

• The classic Hawaiian quilt design is a large, bold, curvilinear appliqué pattern that covers much of the surface of the quilt, with the symmetrical design cut from only one
  piece of fabric.

• While most home sewing machines can be used to quilt layers together, having a wide throat (the space to the right of the needle mechanism) is useful to manipulate a bulky
  quilt through the machine when the throat is both high and long.

• [6] Some antique quilts made in North America have worn-out blankets or older quilts as the internal batting layer, quilted between new layers of fabric and thereby extending
  the usefulness of old material.

• Amish quilters also tend to use simple patterns: Lancaster County Amish are known for their Diamond-in-a-Square and Bars patterns, while other communities use patterns such
  as Brick, Streak of Lightning, Chinese Coins, and Log Cabins, and midwestern communities are known for their repeating block patterns.

• Native American women quickly developed their own unique style, the Lone Star design (also called the Star of Bethlehem), a variation on Morning Star designs that had been
  featured on Native American clothing and other items for centuries.

• In Europe, quilting has been part of the needlework tradition from about the fifth century, with early objects containing Egyptian cotton, which may indicate that Egyptian
  and Mediterranean trade provided a conduit for the technique.

• It was originally used by the working classes to stitch layers together for warmth.

• The style evolved out of a need for cloth (the closest town was often a week’s journey away).

• [31] A simple Nine Patch is made by sewing five patterned or dark pieces (patches) to four light square pieces in alternating order.

• [33] Another variation develops when one square piece is divided into two equal rectangles in the basic Nine Patch design.

• These late-eighteenth- and nineteenth-century patchwork quilts often mixed wool, silk, linen, and cotton in the same piece, as well as mixing large-scale (often chintz) and
  small-scale (often calico) patterns.

• • Traditional embroidery techniques can also be used to create block designs or embellish pieced or appliqued blocks.

• There is no one single school or style that dominates the quilt-making world.

• Typically, these quilts use only solid fabrics, are pieced from geometric shapes, do not contain appliqué, and construction is simple (corners are butted, rather than mitered,
  for instance) and done entirely by hand.

• Quilt blocks[edit] The quilt block is traditionally a sub-unit composed of several pieces of fabric sewn together.

• “[21] American artist Judy Chicago stated in a 1981 interview that if not for sexism in the visual arts, the art world, and broader society, quilting would be regarded as
  a form of high art:[22] Abstract patterns by men are “art”; abstract patterns by women in fabric are “decorative”; they’re called quilts.

• This is done primarily on quilts that are made to be used and are needed quickly.

• • Watercolor quilting – A sophisticated form of scrap quilting whereby uniform sizes of various prints are arranged and sewn to create a picture or design.

• Machine quilting needles are very sharp in order to readily pierce layers of quilt and properly sew together the quilt top, batting and backing.

• Broderie perse quilts were popular during this time and the majority of pierced or appliqued quilts made during the 1170–1800 period were medallion-style quilts (quilts with
  a central ornamental panel and one or more borders).

• [23] Modern quilts are different from art quilts in that they are made to be used.

• A quilter can make one stitch at a time by first driving the needle through the fabric from the right side, then pushing it back up through the material from the wrong side
  to complete the stitch; this is called a stab stitch.

• [35] Another option is called a rocking stitch, where the quilter has one hand, usually with a finger wearing a thimble, on top of the quilt, while the other hand is located
  beneath the piece to push the needle back up.

• The three layers are typically referred to as the top fabric or quilt top, batting or insulating material and the backing.

• These quilts, created from silk, wool, and felt, were intended to be both decorative and functional and were found in churches and in the homes of nobility.

• [citation needed] Fabric markers can be used to mark where cuts should be made in the fabric.

• [34] The Prairie Queen block combines two large scale triangles in the corner section with the middle section using four squares.

• Paper was a scarce commodity in the early American west so women would save letters from home, postcards, newspaper clippings, and catalogs to use as patterns.

• Square knots are used to finish off the ties so that the quilt may be washed and used without fear of the knots coming undone.

• The rectangular nature of Japanese cloth articles encouraged rectangle-based patterns.

• Beginning with the children’s story Sweet Clara and the Freedom Quilt (1989), a legend has developed that enslaved people used quilts as a means to share and transmit secret
  messages to escape slavery and travel the Underground Railroad.

• Quilting is the term given to the process of joining a minimum of three layers of fabric together either through stitching manually using a needle and thread, or mechanically
  with a sewing machine or specialised longarm quilting system.

• • Shadow trapunto – This involves quilting a design in fine lawn and filling some of the spaces in the pattern with small lengths of colored wool.

 

Works Cited

[‘o “V&A · An introduction to quilting and patchwork”. Victoria and Albert Museum. Retrieved 2020-06-10.
o ^ [1] Archived December 28, 2011, at the Wayback Machine
o ^ The Tristan Quilt in the collections of the Victoria and Albert Museum, London.
Accessed 5-2-2010
o ^ Jump up to:a b c Johnson, Julie. “History of Quilting”. Center for Great Plain Studies. Emporia State University. Retrieved 31 January 2014.
o ^ Hargrave, Harriet and Carrie (2015). Quilter’s Academy Vol. 5 – Masters Year.
Concord: C&T Publishing. p. 6. ISBN 978-1-57120-792-0.
o ^ Brackman, Barbara (2004). America’s Printed Fabrics: 1770–1890. Concord: C&T Publishing. pp. 6–7. ISBN 1-57120-255-2.
o ^ Brackman, Barbara (2006). Facts & Fabrications: Unraveling the
History of Quilts & Slavery. Concord: C&T Publishing. p. 15. ISBN 978-1-57120-364-9.
o ^ “History, Travel, Arts, Science, People, Places – Smithsonian”. smithsonianmag.com.
o ^ Curran, Maris (13 November 2018). “Opinion: The Master Quilters of
Gee’s Bend, AL”. New York Times. Retrieved 24 November 2018.
o ^ Jump up to:a b c d e Ellis, Cassandra (2014). World of Quilts. Concord, CA: C&T Publishing. pp. 10–150. ISBN 978-1-60705-953-0.
o ^ Heffley, Scott (2007). Bold Improvisation. Kansas
City, MO: Kansas City Star Books. pp. 4–10. ISBN 978-1-933466-25-5.
o ^ “Quilts of Gee’s Bend commemorative postage stamps”. Archived from the original on June 6, 2011.
o ^ “Underground Railroad Quilts: Documentary Evidence is Missing”. www.historyofquilts.com.
o ^
“Archived copy”. Archived from the original on February 4, 2013. Retrieved January 23, 2013.
o ^ “The Jacob’s Ladder Pattern Became the Underground Railroad Quilt”. www.womenfolk.com.
o ^ Koolish, Lynn (2013). Amish Quilts–The Adventure Continues.
Concord: C&T Publishing. pp. 9–10. ISBN 978-1-60705-791-8.
o ^ Murphy, Mary (Autumn 2008). “Montana Quilts and Quiltmakers: A History of Work and Beauty”. Montana The Magazine of Western History. 58 (3): 39–40. JSTOR 25485734.
o ^ Eisenmann, Deanne
(2014). Blooming Patchwork. Kansas City, MO: Kansas City Star Books. p. 12. ISBN 978-1-61169-144-3.
o ^ “Quilts”. The Encyclopedia of American Folk Art. Ann Arbor, Michigan: Florence Taylor and Francis. 2003. ISBN 978-0203644485.
o ^ Wada, Yoshiko
(2004-01-01). Boro no Bi : Beauty in Humility—Repaired Cotton Rags of Old Japan. Textile Society of America Symposium Proceedings.
o ^ Bial, Raymond (1996). With Needle and Thread. Boston; New York: Houghton Mifflin Company. pp. 18. ISBN 9780395735688.
o ^
Chicago, Judy (1981). “Interview with Judy Chicago” (Interview). Interviewed by Stubbs, Ann. New York: WBAI.
o ^ Grant, Heather (September–October 2012). “The Birth of Modern Quilting”. McCall’s Quilting Magazine: 56–58.
o ^ “What is Modern Quilting?”.
The Modern Quilt Guild. Retrieved 2017-11-29.
o ^ May, Rachel (2014). Quilting with a Modern Slant. North Adams, MA: Storey Publishing. pp. 7, 14, 18, 27, 51, 59, 66. ISBN 978-1-61212-063-8.
o ^ “Modern Quilting”. www.themodernquiltguild.com.
o ^
“About the Modern Quilt Guild”. www.themodernquiltguild.com.
o ^ “QuiltCon”. February 20, 2012.
o ^ “About QuiltCon”. QuiltCon.
o ^ Brackman, Barbara (1993). Encyclopedia of Pieced Quilt Patterns. Paducah, KY: American Quilter’s Society. p.
552. ISBN 978-0891458159.
o ^ Beyer, Jinny (1979). Patchwork Patterns. McLean, VA: EPM Publications Inc. pp. 8–9. ISBN 0-914440-27-6.
o ^ The New Quick & Easy Block Tool!. Concord, CA: C&T Publishing. 2016. p. 83. ISBN 978-1-61745-231-4.
o ^
The New Quick & Easy Block Tool!. Concord, CA: C&T Publishing. 2016. p. 95. ISBN 978-1-61745-231-4.
o ^ The New Quick & Easy Block Tool!. Concord, CA: C&T Publishing. 2016. p. 34. ISBN 978-1-61745-231-4.
o ^ “Stab Stitch Quilting”. Barbara Robson.
o ^
Anderson, Alex (2015). All Things Quilting with Alex Anderson. Concord, CA: C&T Publishing. p. 132. ISBN 978-1-60705-856-4.
o ^ Anderson, Alex (2015). All Things Quilting with Alex Anderson. Concord, CA: C&T Publishing. pp. 129–130. ISBN 978-1-60705-856-4.
o ^
Anderson, Alex (2015). All Things Quilting with Alex Anderson. Concord, CA: C&T Publishing. p. 154. ISBN 978-1-60705-856-4.
o ^ “MA – Textile History/Quilt Studies Distance Learning Option III | College of Education and Human Sciences”. cehs.unl.edu.
Retrieved 2019-06-16.
o ^ Angela DeHart (2014-11-12). “What is a Quilt Introduction”.
o ^ Jump up to:a b “Quilting 101 – Quilt making tips and resources”. Quilting. Retrieved 28 January 2014.
o ^ Anderson, Alex (2015). All Things Quilting with
Alex Anderson. Concord, CA: C&T Publishing. p. 36. ISBN 978-1-60705-856-4.
o ^ Sharon Pederson,(2005). Sensational Sashiko, Japanese Applique and Quilting by Machine. p.5, Martingale & Co., Woodinville, WA
Photo credit: https://www.flickr.com/photos/tcfairyqueen/12025042086/’]