the beatles

 

  • [37] After a New Year’s Day audition, Decca Records rejected the band, saying, “Guitar groups are on the way out, Mr.

  • [106] United Artists released a full soundtrack album for the North American market, combining Beatles songs and Martin’s orchestral score; elsewhere, the group’s third studio
    LP, A Hard Day’s Night, contained songs from the film on side one and other new recordings on side two.

  • [121] They had intended the album, recorded between August and October 1964,[122] to continue the format established by A Hard Day’s Night which, unlike their first two LPs,
    contained only original songs.

  • [102][nb 4] A Hard Day’s Night Capitol Records’ lack of interest throughout 1963 did not go unnoticed, and a competitor, United Artists Records, encouraged their film division
    to offer the Beatles a three-motion-picture deal, primarily for the commercial potential of the soundtracks in the US.

  • [146] In mid-October, the Beatles entered the recording studio; for the first time when making an album, they had an extended period without other major commitments.

  • [147] Until this time, according to George Martin, “we had been making albums rather like a collection of singles.

  • [64] Although not billed as tour leaders, the Beatles overshadowed American acts Tommy Roe and Chris Montez during the February engagements and assumed top billing “by audience
    demand”, something no British act had previously accomplished while touring with artists from the US.

  • [95] Back in New York the following day, the Beatles met with another strong reception during two shows at Carnegie Hall.

  • At a show in Atlanta, the Beatles gave one of the first live performances ever to make use of a foldback system of on-stage monitor speakers.

  • “[157] However, recording engineer Norman Smith later stated that the studio sessions revealed signs of growing conflict within the group – “the clash between John and Paul
    was becoming obvious”, he wrote, and “as far as Paul was concerned, George could do no right”.

  • [100] The Beatles’ success in the US opened the door for a successive string of British beat groups and pop acts such as the Dave Clark Five, the Animals, Petula Clark, the
    Kinks, and the Rolling Stones to achieve success in America.

  • Manager Brian Epstein moulded them into a professional act, and producer George Martin guided and developed their recordings, greatly expanding their domestic success after
    signing to EMI Records and achieving their first hit, “Love Me Do”, in late 1962.

  • “[115] Within six months of the meeting, according to Gould, “Lennon would be making records on which he openly imitated Dylan’s nasal drone, brittle strum, and introspective
    vocal persona”; and six months after that, Dylan began performing with a backing band and electric instrumentation, and “dressed in the height of Mod fashion”.

  • [86] Issued on 26 December, with the band’s previously scheduled debut there just weeks away, “I Want to Hold Your Hand” sold a million copies, becoming a number-one hit in
    the US by mid-January.

  • [66] McCartney, Harrison, Swedish pop singer Lill-Babs and Lennon on the set of the Swedish television show Drop-In, 30 October 1963[67] In late October, the Beatles began
    a five-day tour of Sweden, their first time abroad since the final Hamburg engagement of December 1962.

  • [99] The group’s popularity generated unprecedented interest in British music, and many other UK acts subsequently made their American debuts, successfully touring over the
    next three years in what was termed the British Invasion.

  • [104] Directed by Richard Lester, A Hard Day’s Night involved the band for six weeks in March–April 1964 as they played themselves in a musical comedy.

  • [135] The LP contained all original material save for two covers, “Act Naturally” and “Dizzy Miss Lizzy”; they were the last covers the band would include on an album, except
    for Let It Be’s brief rendition of the traditional Liverpool folk song “Maggie Mae”.

  • American chart success began after disc jockey Carroll James of AM radio station WWDC, in Washington, DC, obtained a copy of the British single “I Want to Hold Your Hand”
    in mid-December 1963 and began playing it on-air.

  • album, the group’s fifth studio LP, mirrored A Hard Day’s Night by featuring soundtrack songs on side one and additional songs from the same sessions on side two.

  • [84] The Beatles arriving at John F. Kennedy International Airport, 7 February 1964 Epstein brought a demo copy of “I Want to Hold Your Hand” to Capitol’s Brown Meggs, who
    signed the band and arranged for a $40,000 US marketing campaign.

  • [92] The band flew to Florida, where they appeared on The Ed Sullivan Show a second time, again before 70 million viewers, before returning to the UK on 22 February.

  • They became a leading force in Britain’s cultural resurgence, ushering in the British Invasion of the United States pop market, and soon made their film debut with A Hard
    Day’s Night (1964).

  • [39] A 4 September session at EMI yielded a recording of “Love Me Do” featuring Starr on drums, but a dissatisfied Martin hired drummer Andy White for the band’s third session
    a week later, which produced recordings of “Love Me Do”, “Please Please Me” and “P.S.

  • [52] After the moderate success of “Love Me Do”, the single “Please Please Me” was released in January 1963, two months ahead of the album.

  • [58] The band’s third single, “From Me to You”, came out in April and began an almost unbroken string of seventeen British number-one singles, including all but one of the
    eighteen they released over the next six years.

  • As their popularity grew into the intense fan frenzy dubbed “Beatlemania”, the band acquired the nickname “the Fab Four”, with Epstein, Martin and other members of the band’s
    entourage sometimes given the informal title of “fifth Beatle”.

  • [73] Recorded between July and October, With the Beatles made better use of studio production techniques than its predecessor.

  • [80] First visit to the United States and the British Invasion EMI’s American subsidiary, Capitol Records, hindered the Beatles’ releases in the United States for more than
    a year by initially declining to issue their music, including their first three singles.

  • [47] By 1963, they had agreed that all four band members would contribute vocals to their albums – including Starr, despite his restricted vocal range, to validate his standing
    in the group.

  • [62] The band toured the UK three times in the first half of the year: a four-week tour that began in February, the Beatles’ first nationwide, preceded three-week tours in
    March and May–June.

  • [121] They had nearly exhausted their backlog of songs on the previous album, however, and given the challenges constant international touring posed to their songwriting efforts,
    Lennon admitted, “Material’s becoming a hell of a problem”.

  • [140] The band at a press conference in Minnesota in August 1965, shortly after playing at Shea Stadium in New York The group’s third US tour opened with a performance before
    a world-record crowd of 55,600 at New York’s Shea Stadium on 15 August – “perhaps the most famous of all Beatles’ concerts”, in Lewisohn’s description.

  • “[148] Released in December, Rubber Soul was hailed by critics as a major step forward in the maturity and complexity of the band’s music.

  • [79] When writing the sleeve notes for the album, the band’s press officer, Tony Barrow, used the superlative the “fabulous foursome”, which the media widely adopted as “the
    Fab Four”.

  • [143][144] September 1965 saw the launch of an American Saturday-morning cartoon series, The Beatles, that echoed A Hard Day’s Night’s slapstick antics over its two-year original
    run.

  • After a month’s persistence, during a second meeting (arranged by McCartney), Harrison performed the lead guitar part of the instrumental song “Raunchy” on the upper deck
    of a Liverpool bus,[6] and they enlisted him as lead guitarist.

  • [42] Their television debut came later that month with a live performance on the regional news programme People and Places.

  • [25][26] Later on, Sutcliffe decided to leave the band early that year and resume his art studies in Germany.

  • [78] With the Beatles became the second album in UK chart history to sell a million copies, a figure previously reached only by the 1958 South Pacific soundtrack.

  • [29] Credited to “Tony Sheridan & the Beat Brothers”, the single “My Bonnie”, recorded in June 1961 and released four months later, reached number 32 on the Musikmarkt chart.

  • “[55] Released in March 1963, Please Please Me was the first of eleven consecutive Beatles albums released in the United Kingdom to reach number one.

  • [31] In November 1961, during one of the group’s frequent performances at The Cavern Club, they encountered Brian Epstein, a local record-store owner and music columnist.

  • History 1956–1963: Formation The Quarrymen and name changes In November 1956, sixteen-year-old John Lennon formed a skiffle group with several friends from Quarry Bank High
    School in Liverpool.

  • [12][13] They used this name until May, when they became the Silver Beetles, before undertaking a brief tour of Scotland as the backing group for pop singer and fellow Liverpudlian
    Johnny Gentle.

  • [152] While some of Rubber Soul’s songs were the product of Lennon and McCartney’s collaborative songwriting,[153] the album also included distinct compositions from each,[154]
    though they continued to share official credit.

  • [13][28] As part of the sessions, the Beatles were signed to Polydor for one year.

  • He eventually negotiated a one-month early release in exchange for one last recording session in Hamburg.

  • Released in early December, its eight original compositions stood out, demonstrating the growing maturity of the Lennon–McCartney songwriting partnership.

  • [23] During the next two years, the Beatles were resident for periods in Hamburg, where they used Preludin both recreationally and to maintain their energy through all-night
    performances.

  • The core trio of Lennon, McCartney and Harrison, together since 1958, went through a succession of drummers, including Pete Best, before asking Starr to join them in 1962.

  • “[33] First EMI recordings Epstein courted the band over the next couple of months, and they appointed him as their manager in January 1962.

  • [93] The next morning, the Beatles awoke to a largely negative critical consensus in the US,[94] but a day later at their first US concert, Beatlemania erupted at the Washington
    Coliseum.

  • [76] In a reversal of then standard practice, EMI released the album ahead of the impending single “I Want to Hold Your Hand”, with the song excluded to maximise the single’s
    sales.

  • [69] The next day, the band began its fourth tour of Britain within nine months, this one scheduled for six weeks.

  • [116] As a result, Gould continues, the traditional division between folk and rock enthusiasts “nearly evaporated”, as the Beatles’ fans began to mature in their outlook and
    Dylan’s audience embraced the new, youth-driven pop culture.

  • and Rubber Soul According to Gould, the Beatles’ fourth studio LP, Beatles for Sale, evidenced a growing conflict between the commercial pressures of their global success
    and their creative ambitions.

  • [139] With Help!, the Beatles became the first rock group to be nominated for a Grammy Award for Album of the Year.

  • [109][nb 5] 1964 world tour, meeting Bob Dylan, and stand on civil rights McCartney, Harrison and Lennon performing on Dutch TV in 1964 Touring internationally in June and
    July, the Beatles staged 37 shows over 27 days in Denmark, the Netherlands, Hong Kong, Australia and New Zealand.

  • Martin considered recording the LP live at The Cavern Club, but after deciding that the building’s acoustics were inadequate, he elected to simulate a “live” album with minimal
    production in “a single marathon session at Abbey Road”.

  • After the group’s break-up in 1970, all principal members enjoyed success as solo artists and some partial reunions have occurred.

  • “[133] The soundtrack was dominated by Lennon, who wrote and sang lead on most of its songs, including the two singles: “Help!”

  • [43] After Martin suggested rerecording “Please Please Me” at a faster tempo,[44] a studio session in late November yielded that recording,[45] of which Martin accurately
    predicted, “You’ve just made your first No.

  • [96] The Beatles’ first visit to the US took place when the nation was still mourning the assassination of President John F. Kennedy the previous November.

  • [105] The film premiered in London and New York in July and August, respectively, and was an international success, with some critics drawing a comparison with the Marx Brothers.

  • [39] He immediately complained to Epstein about Best’s drumming and suggested they use a session drummer in his place.

  • [131] In July, the Beatles’ second film, Help!, was released, again directed by Lester.

  • [142] Towards the end of the tour, they met with Elvis Presley, a foundational musical influence on the band, who invited them to his home in Beverly Hills.

  • Pepper’s Lonely Hearts Club Band (1967), and enjoyed further commercial success with The Beatles (also known as “the White Album”, 1968) and Abbey Road (1969).

  • [53] Recalling how the Beatles “rushed to deliver a debut album, bashing out Please Please Me in a day”, AllMusic critic Stephen Thomas Erlewine wrote: “Decades after its
    release, the album still sounds fresh, precisely because of its intense origins.

  • [27] Producer Bert Kaempfert contracted what was now a four-piece group until June 1962, and he used them as Tony Sheridan’s backing band on a series of recordings for Polydor
    Records.

 

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[‘Lennon said of Epstein, “We used to dress how we liked, on and off stage. He’d tell us that jeans were not particularly smart and could we possibly manage to wear proper trousers, but he didn’t want us suddenly looking square. He’d let us have our
own sense of individuality.”[38]
o ^ “She Loves You” was surpassed in sales by “Mull of Kintyre”, by McCartney’s post-Beatles band Wings.[61]
o ^ Vee-Jay company president Ewart Abner resigned after it was disclosed he used company funds to cover
gambling debts.[82]
o ^ During the same week in April 1964, a third American Beatles LP joined the two already in circulation; two of the three reached the first spot on the Billboard albums chart, the third peaked at number two.[103]
o ^ Harrison’s
ringing 12-string inspired Roger McGuinn, who obtained his own Rickenbacker and used it to craft the trademark sound of the Byrds.[109]
o ^ Starr was briefly hospitalised after a tonsillectomy, and Jimmie Nicol sat in on drums for the first five
dates.[111]
o ^ It was not until Sgt. Pepper’s Lonely Hearts Club Band in 1967 that a Beatles album was released with identical track listings in both the UK and the US.[162]
o ^ Poirier identified what he termed its “mixed allusiveness”: “It’s
unwise ever to assume that they’re doing only one thing or expressing themselves in only one style … one kind of feeling about a subject isn’t enough … any single induced feeling must often exist within the context of seemingly contradictory
alternatives.”[199] McCartney said at the time: “We write songs. We know what we mean by them. But in a week someone else says something about it, and you can’t deny it. … You put your own meaning at your own level to our songs.”[199]
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