agatha christie

 

  • [4]: 49–50  Christie as a young woman, 1910s Around the same time, Christie began work on her first novel, Snow Upon the Desert.

  • Following her marriage to archaeologist Max Mallowan in 1930, she spent several months each year on digs in the Middle East and used her first-hand knowledge of this profession
    in her fiction.

  • [63] Christie frequently stayed at Abney Hall, Cheshire, which was owned by her brother-in-law, James Watts, and based at least two stories there: a short story, “The Adventure
    of the Christmas Pudding”, in the story collection of the same name and the novel After the Funeral.

  • [4]: 23–27  Christie as a girl, early 1900s According to Christie, Clara believed she should not learn to read until she was eight; thanks to her curiosity, she was reading
    by the age of four.

  • [4]: 45–47  At 18, Christie wrote her first short story, “The House of Beauty”, while recovering in bed from an illness.

  • The agency’s fears were allayed when Christie told her friend, the codebreaker Dilly Knox, “I was stuck there on my way by train from Oxford to London and took revenge by
    giving the name to one of my least lovable characters.

  • [61] This was their main residence for the rest of their lives and the place where Christie did much of her writing.

  • [14]: 263  The Agatha Christie Trust For Children was established in 1969,[77] and shortly after Christie’s death a charitable memorial fund was set up to “help two causes
    that she favoured: old people and young children”.

  • [79][91] Her remaining 36% share of Agatha Christie Limited was inherited by Hicks, who passionately preserved her mother’s works, image, and legacy until her own death 28
    years later.

  • Christie led a quiet life despite being known in Wallingford; from 1951 to 1976 she served as president of the local amateur dramatic society.

  • [23] Christie later said that her father’s death when she was 11 marked the end of her childhood.

  • “[35] When they returned to England, Archie resumed work in the city, and Christie continued to work hard at her writing.

  • [4]: 50–51 [25] Clara suggested that her daughter ask for advice from the successful novelist Eden Phillpotts, a family friend and neighbour, who responded to her enquiry,
    encouraged her writing, and sent her an introduction to his own literary agent, Hughes Massie, who also rejected Snow Upon the Desert but suggested a second novel.

  • Magazines rejected all her early submissions, made under pseudonyms (including Mac Miller, Nathaniel Miller, and Sydney West); some submissions were later revised and published
    under her real name, often with new titles.

  • Following the breakdown of her marriage and the death of her mother in 1926 she made international headlines by going missing for eleven days.

  • [14]: 59–61  Early literary attempts, marriage, literary success: 1907–1926[edit] After completing her education, Christie returned to England to find her mother ailing.

  • She also wrote the world’s longest-running play, the murder mystery The Mousetrap, which has been performed in the West End since 1952.

  • [12]: 9–10, 86–88  She eventually made friends with other girls in Torquay, noting that “one of the highlights of my existence” was her appearance with them in a youth production
    of Gilbert and Sullivan’s The Yeomen of the Guard, in which she played the hero, Colonel Fairfax.

  • [53][e] Second marriage and later life: 1927–1976[edit] Christie’s room at the Pera Palace Hotel in Istanbul, where the hotel claims she wrote Murder on the Orient Express
    In January 1927, Christie, looking “very pale”, sailed with her daughter and secretary to Las Palmas, Canary Islands, to “complete her convalescence”,[54] returning three months later.

  • In September 2015, And Then There Were None was named the “World’s Favourite Christie” in a vote sponsored by the author’s estate.

  • [12]: 268  Miss Jane Marple was introduced in a series of short stories that began publication in December 1927 and were subsequently collected under the title The Thirteen
    Problems.

  • After keeping the submission for several months, John Lane at The Bodley Head offered to accept it, provided that Christie change how the solution was revealed.

  • [4]: 48–49  (The story became an early version of her story “The House of Dreams”.

  • [98] In late February 2014, media reports stated that the BBC had acquired exclusive TV rights to Christie’s works in the UK (previously associated with ITV) and made plans
    with Acorn’s co-operation to air new productions for the 125th anniversary of Christie’s birth in 2015.

  • [c] Christie’s disappearance made international headlines, including featuring on the front page of The New York Times.

  • [87] At the time of her death in 1976, “she was the best-selling novelist in history.

  • [83][94] Christie’s family and family trusts, including great-grandson James Prichard, continue to own the 36% stake in Agatha Christie Limited,[86] and remain associated
    with the company.

  • Thirty wreaths adorned Christie’s grave, including one from the cast of her long-running play The Mousetrap and one sent “on behalf of the multitude of grateful readers” by
    the Ulverscroft Large Print Book Publishers.

  • [12]: 497 [113] Shortly before the publication of Curtain, Poirot became the first fictional character to have an obituary in The New York Times,

  • Christie’s inspiration for the character came from Belgian refugees living in Torquay, and the Belgian soldiers she helped to treat as a volunteer nurse during the First World
    War.

  • [58] Other novels (such as Peril at End House) were set in and around Torquay, where she was raised.

  • [108] Death Comes as the End will be the next BBC adaptation.

  • Her final home, Christie lived here with her husband from 1934 until her death in 1976.

  • During both World Wars, she served in hospital dispensaries, acquiring a thorough knowledge of the poisons that featured in many of her novels, short stories, and plays.

  • During World War II, Christie moved to London and lived in a flat at the Isokon in Hampstead, whilst working in the pharmacy at University College Hospital (UCH), London,
    where she updated her knowledge of poisons.

  • [12]: 165–66  She had short-lived relationships with four men and an engagement to another.

  • She did so, and signed a contract committing her next five books to The Bodley Head, which she later felt was exploitative.

  • [82] Estate and subsequent ownership of works[edit] Christie was unhappy about becoming “an employed wage slave”,[14]: 428  and for tax reasons set up a private company in
    1955, Agatha Christie Limited, to hold the rights to her works.

  • Three months after their first meeting, Archie proposed marriage, and Agatha accepted.

  • [66][67] The British intelligence agency MI5 investigated Christie after a character called Major Bletchley appeared in her 1941 thriller N or M?, which was about a hunt for
    a pair of deadly fifth columnists in wartime England.

  • [22] Archie Christie, Major Belcher (tour leader), Mr. Bates (secretary) and Agatha Christie on the 1922 British Empire Expedition Tour Christie settled into married life,
    giving birth to her only child, Rosalind Margaret Clarissa (later Hicks), in August 1919 at Ashfield.

  • Life and career Childhood and adolescence: 1890–1907[edit] Portrait of Christie entitled Lost in Reverie, by Douglas John Connah, 1894 Agatha Mary Clarissa Miller was born
    on 15 September 1890, into a wealthy upper middle class family in Torquay, Devon.

  • Later that year, Witness for the Prosecution received an Edgar Award for best play.

  • [83][84] In 1968, when Christie was almost 80, she sold a 51% stake in Agatha Christie Limited (and the works it owned) to Booker Books (better known as Booker Author’s Division),
    which by 1977 had increased its stake to 64%.

  • [4]: 6 [17] The second, Louis Montant (“Monty”), was born in Morristown, New Jersey, in 1880,[18] while the family was on an extended visit to the United States.

  • The simple funeral service was attended by about 20 newspaper and TV reporters, some having travelled from as far away as South America.

  • She also helped put on a play called The Blue Beard of Unhappiness with female friends.

  • [31]: 23  In the 1971 New Year Honours, she was promoted to Dame Commander of the Order of the British Empire (DBE),[70][71][72] three years after her husband had been knighted
    for his archaeological work.

  • Writing under the pseudonym Monosyllaba, she set the book in Cairo and drew upon her recent experiences there.

  • [30]: 95  Christie drew on her experience of international train travel when writing her 1934 novel Murder on the Orient Express.

  • [4]: 355 [85] Agatha Christie Limited still owns the worldwide rights for more than 80 of Christie’s novels and short stories, 19 plays, and nearly 40 TV films.

  • [12]: 126 [14]: 43  One Christie compendium notes that “Abney became Agatha’s greatest inspiration for country house life, with all its servants and grandeur being woven into
    her plots.

  • [79][80] When her death was announced, two West End theatres – the St. Martin’s, where The Mousetrap was playing, and the Savoy, which was home to a revival of Murder at the
    Vicarage – dimmed their outside lights in her honour.

  • [4]: 80–81  Her second novel, The Secret Adversary (1922), featured a new detective couple Tommy and Tuppence, again published by The Bodley Head.

  • [30]: 47, 74–76  Christie said, “Miss Marple was not in any way a picture of my grandmother; she was far more fussy and spinsterish than my grandmother ever was,” but her
    autobiography establishes a firm connection between the fictional character and Christie’s step-grandmother Margaret Miller (“Auntie-Grannie”)[i] and her “Ealing cronies”.

  • From October 1914 to May 1915, then from June 1916 to September 1918, she worked 3,400 hours in the Town Hall Red Cross Hospital, Torquay, first as a nurse (unpaid) then as
    a dispenser at £16 (approximately equivalent to £950 in 2021) a year from 1917 after qualifying as an apothecary’s assistant.

  • [4]: 15, 24–25  Because her siblings were so much older, and there were few children in their neighbourhood, Christie spent much of her time playing alone with her pets and
    imaginary companions.

  • [14]: 173–74  On 3 December 1926, the pair quarrelled after Archie announced his plan to spend the weekend with friends, unaccompanied by his wife.

  • [89] As a result of her tax planning, her will left only £106,683[h] (approximately equivalent to £817,000 in 2021) net, which went mostly to her husband and daughter along
    with some smaller bequests.

  • [3] Death and estate Death and burial[edit] Christie’s gravestone at St. Mary’s church, Cholsey, Oxfordshire Christie died peacefully on 12 January 1976 at age 85 from natural
    causes at her home at Winterbrook House.

  • After living in a series of apartments in London, they bought a house in Sunningdale, Berkshire, which they renamed Styles after the mansion in Christie’s first detective
    novel.

  • [95] Mathew Prichard also holds the copyright to some of his grandmother’s later literary works including The Mousetrap.

  • [78] Christie’s obituary in The Times notes that “she never cared much for the cinema, or for wireless and television.”

  • [12]: 13  Her sister had been sent to a boarding school, but their mother insisted that Christie receive her education at home.

  • [20][21] It was here that their third and last child, Agatha, was born in 1890.

  • [1] Her novel And Then There Were None is one of the top-selling books of all time, with approximately 100 million copies sold.

  • Guinness World Records lists Christie as the best-selling fiction writer of all time, her novels having sold more than two billion copies.

  • [4]: 169–70  In Iraq, she became friends with archaeologist Leonard Woolley and his wife, who invited her to return to their dig in February 1930.

  • [16] Margaret and Nathaniel had no children together, but Nathaniel had a 17-year-old son, Fred Miller, from his previous marriage.

 

Works Cited

[‘1. Most biographers give Christie’s mother’s place of birth as Belfast but do not provide sources. Current primary evidence, including census entries (place of birth Dublin), her baptism record (Dublin), and her father’s service record and regimental
history (when her father was in Dublin), indicates she was almost certainly born in Dublin in the first quarter of 1854.[8][9][10]
2. ^ Boehmer’s death registration states he died at age 49 from bronchitis after retiring from the army,[11] but
Christie and her biographers have consistently claimed he was killed in a riding accident while still a serving officer.[12]: 5 [13][4]: 2 [14]: 9–10
3. ^ Dorothy L. Sayers, who visited the “scene of the disappearance”,
would later incorporate details in her book Unnatural Death.[40]
4. ^ The notice placed by Christie in The Times (11 December 1926, p.1) gives the first name as Teresa, but her hotel register signature more naturally reads Tressa; newspapers reported
that Christie used Tressa on other occasions during her disappearance (including joining a library).[45]
5. ^ Christie hinted at a nervous breakdown, saying to a woman with similar symptoms, “I think you had better be very careful; it is probably
the beginning of a nervous breakdown.”[12]: 337
6. ^ Christie’s authorised biographer includes an account of specialist psychiatric treatment following Christie’s disappearance, but the information was obtained second or third hand
after her death.[4]: 148–49, 159
7. ^ Other authors claim Christie wrote Murder on the Orient Express whilst at a dig at Arpachiyah.[4]: 206 [30]: 111
8. ^ According to other sources, her estate was valued
at £147 810.[90]
9. ^ Christie’s familial relationship to Margaret Miller née West was complex. As well as being Christie’s maternal great-aunt, Miller was Christie’s father’s step-mother as well as Christie’s mother’s foster mother and step-mother-in-law
– hence the appellation “Auntie-Grannie”.
10. ^ Wilson’s 1945 essay, “Who Cares Who Killed Roger Ackroyd?” was dismissive of the detective fiction genre in general but did not mention Christie by name.[157][158]
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