bp p.l.c.

 

  • ); ISIN: GB0007980591; Industry: Oil and gas; Predecessors: Anglo-Persian, Oil Company, Castrol, Standard Oil, Standard Oil of Ohio, Standard Oil of Indiana, ARCO, Amoco;
    Founded: 14 April 1909 (as the Anglo-Persian Oil Company), 10 January 1870 (as Standard Oil, which partially broke up into Standard Oil of Ohio ; Founders: William Knox D’Arcy, Charles GreenwayARCO, and Amoco which all merged into BP), 16
    December 1954; 68 years ago (as British Petroleum); Headquarters: London, England, UK; Area served: Worldwide; Key people: Helge Lund (chairman), Bernard Looney (chief executive); Products: Petroleum, Natural gas, Motor fuels, Aviation fuels;
    Production output: 3.7 Mbbl/d (590×103 m3/d) of BOE (2018)[1] ; Brands: Amoco, Aral, ARCO, BP, BP Connect, Castrol; Services: Service stations; Revenue: US$164.19 billion (2021)[2]; Operating income: US$18.08 billion (2021)[2]; Net income:
    US$8.49 billion (2021)[2]; Total assets: US$287.27 billion (2021)[2]: Total equity: US$90.44 billion (2021)[2]; Number of employees: 60,000 (2021)[3] History 1909 to 1954[edit] Further information: Anglo-Iranian Oil Company and Iraq Petroleum
    Company William Knox D’Arcy A BP Motor Spirit advertisement from 1922 In May 1908, a group of British geologists discovered a large amount of oil at Masjed Soleyman located in the Khuzestan Province in the southwest of Persia (Iran).

  • [86] 1998 to 2009[edit] Under John Browne, British Petroleum acquired other oil companies, transforming BP into the third largest oil company in the world.

  • In 1984, Standard Oil of California was renamed the Chevron Corporation; it bought Gulf Oil—the largest merger in history at that time.

  • [41][48][63] In Iraq, IPC ceased its operations after it was nationalised by the Ba’athist Iraqi government in June 1972, although legally Iraq Petroleum Company still remains
    in existence,[64] and one of its associated companies —Abu Dhabi Petroleum Company (ADPC), formerly Petroleum Development (Trucial Coast) Ltd – also continues with the original shareholding intact.

  • “[54] In 1953, British Petroleum entered the Canadian market through the purchase of a minority stake in Calgary-based Triad Oil Company, and expanded further to Alaska in
    1959, resulting discovery of oil at Prudhoe Bay in 1969.

  • Later that year, BP became an operator of the pipeline and increased its stake up to 62.5%.

  • The oil concession rights were awarded to the company on 23 December 1934 and the company started drilling operations in 1936.

  • [185] This is BP’s first move into Britain’s Offshore wind market, however, BP currently provides a range of services to the Offshore Wind sector in the UK through its subsidiary
    ONYX InSi

  • [57] In 1969, BP entered the United States by acquiring the East Coast refining and marketing assets of Sinclair Oil Corporation.

  • [129] In February 2011, BP formed a partnership with Reliance Industries, taking a 30% stake in a new Indian joint-venture for an initial payment of $7.2 billion.

  • [148][149] In March 2017, the company acquired Clean Energy’s biomethane business and assets, including its production sites and existing supply contracts.

  • In 1928, APOC and Shell formed the Consolidated Petroleum Company for sale and marketing in Cyprus, South Africa and Ceylon, which in 1932 followed by a joint marketing company
    Shell-Mex and BP in the United Kingdom.

  • [84] In 1997, it acquired a 10% stake for $571 million in the Russian oil company Sidanco, which later became a part of TNK-BP.

  • It also acquired the controlling stake in the Courchelettes refinery in France and formed, in conjunction with the Government of Australia, a partnership named Commonwealth
    Oil Refineries, which built the Australian’s first refinery in Laverton, Victoria.

  • [76] To meet anti-trust regulations, Chevron divested many of Gulf’s operating subsidiaries, and sold some Gulf stations and a refinery in the eastern United States to British
    Petroleum and Cumberland Farms in 1985.

  • [115] It sold its stake in the Petroperijá and Boquerón fields in Venezuela and in the Lan Tay and Lan Do fields, the Nam Con Son pipeline and terminal, and the Phu My 3 power
    plant in Vietnam to TNK-BP,[116][117] forecourts and supply businesses in Namibia, Botswana, Zambia, Tanzania and Malawi to Puma Energy,[118] the Wytch Farm onshore oilfield in Dorset and a package of North Sea gas assets to Perenco,[119]
    natural-gas liquids business in Canada to Plains All American Pipeline LP,[120] natural gas assets in Kansas to Linn Energy,[121] Carson Refinery in Southern California and its ARCO retail network to Tesoro, Sunray and Hemphill gas processing
    plants in Texas, together with their associated gas gathering system, to Eagle Rock Energy Partners,[122][123][124] the Texas City Refinery and associated assets to Marathon Petroleum,[125][126] the Gulf of Mexico located Marlin, Dorado, King,
    Horn Mountain, and Holstein fields as also its stake in non-operated Diana Hoover and Ram Powell fields to Plains Exploration & Production,[113] non-operating stake in the Draugen oil field to Norske Shell,[127] and the UK’s liquefied petroleum
    gas distribution business to DCC.

  • [146] In 2017, the company floated its subsidiary BP Midstream Partners LP, a pipeline operator in the United States, at the New York Stock Exchange.

  • [161] On 30 June 2020, BP sold all its Alaska upstream operations and interests, including interests in Prudhoe Bay Oil Field, to Hilcorp Energy for $5.6 billion.

  • [88] Steven Koonin, BP’s then-Chief Scientist, speaking in the company boardroom in 2005 (top right of picture) In the beginning of the 2000s, BP became the leading partner
    (and later operator) of the Baku–Tbilisi–Ceyhan pipeline project which opened a new oil transportation route from the Caspian region.

  • [32] In 1965, it was the first company to strike oil in the North Sea.

  • British Petroleum acquired majority control of Standard Oil of Ohio in 1978.

  • BP’s origins date back to the founding of the Anglo-Persian Oil Company in 1908, established as a subsidiary of Burmah Oil Company to exploit oil discoveries in Iran.

  • [145] In April 2017, the company reached an agreement to sell its Forties pipeline system in the North Sea to Ineos for $250 million.

  • [168] At the time of BP’s decision, Rosneft’s activities accounted for around half of BP’s oil and gas reserves and a third of its production.

  • [80] In 1992, British Petroleum sold off its 57% stake in BP Canada (upstream operations), which was renamed as Talisman Energy.

  • [73] This raised concerns within BP that operations in the United States, BP’s primary country of operations, would suffer.

  • [70][71] In November 1987, the Kuwait Investment Office purchased a 10.06% interest in BP, becoming the largest institutional shareholder.

  • [65][66] The intensified power struggle between oil companies and host governments in Middle East, along with the oil price shocks that followed the 1973 oil crisis meant
    British Petroleum lost most of its direct access to crude oil supplies produced in countries that belonged to the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC), and prompted it to diversify its operations beyond the heavily Middle East
    dependent oil production.

  • BP is the fourth-largest investor-owned oil company in the world by 2021 revenues (after ExxonMobil, Shell, and TotalEnergies).

  • [150] In April 2017, its subsidiary Butamax bought an isobutanol production company Nesika Energy.

  • [177] Operations by location[edit] United Kingdom[edit] The BP chemicals plant in Saltend near Hull, United Kingdom BP has a major corporate campus in Sunbury-on-Thames which
    is home to around 3,500 employees and over 50 business units.

  • This sale represented slightly more than 5% of BP’s total shares and reduced the government’s ownership of the company to 46%.

  • [105] In 2007, BP formed with AB Sugar and DuPont a joint venture Vivergo Fuels which opened a bioethanol plant in Saltend near Hull, United Kingdom in December 2012.

  • In 1935, it became the Anglo-Iranian Oil Company and in 1954, adopted the name British Petroleum.

  • It is one of the oil and gas “supermajors” and one of the world’s largest companies measured by revenues and profits.

  • [1] In February 2020, BP announced a Joint Venture with EnBW to develop and operate 3GW off Offshore Wind capacity in the Crown Estate Leasing Round 4.

  • [152] Also in 2018, BP bought a 16.5% interest in the Clair field in the UK from ConocoPhillips, increasing its share to 45.1%.

  • [95] In 2001, in response to negative press on British Petroleum’s poor safety standards, the company adopted a green sunburst logo and rebranded itself as BP (“Beyond Petroleum”)
    plc.

  • [164][165] In September 2020, BP formed a partnership with Equinor to develop offshore wind and announced it will acquire 50% non-operating stake in the Empire Wind off New
    York and Beacon Wind off Massachusetts offshore wind farms.

  • After the 1953 Iranian coup d’état, Iranian Oil Participants Ltd (IOP), a holding company, was founded in October 1954, in London to bring Iranian oil back to the international
    market.

  • [151] In 2018, the company purchased BHP’s shale assets in Texas and Louisiana, including Petrohawk Energy, for $10.5 billion, which were integrated with its subsidiary BPX
    Energy.

  • [98] On 1 September 2003, BP and a group of Russian billionaires, known as AAR (Alfa–Access–Renova), announced the creation of a strategic partnership to jointly hold their
    oil assets in Russia and Ukraine.

  • [172] In October 2022, BP announced that it would be acquiring Archaea Energy Inc., a renewable natural gas producer, for $4.1 billion.

  • [113][114] In July 2010, BP sold its natural gas activities in Alberta and British Columbia, Canada, to Apache Corporation.

  • BP paid £1.3 billion and gave to ConocoPhillips its 39.2% non-operated stake in the Kuparuk River Oil Field and satellite oil fields in Alaska.

  • It was later replaced by Shell-D’Arcy Petroleum Development Company and Shell-BP Petroleum Development Company (now Shell Petroleum Development Company).

  • In October 1988, the British Department of Trade and Industry required the KIO to reduce its shares to 9.6% within 12 months.

  • The company also announced plans to spend $1.3 billion on a third phase of its Atlantis field near New Orleans.

  • [42] In 1937, Iraq Petroleum Company, 23.75% owned by BP,[43] signed an oil concession agreement with the Sultan of Muscat that covers the entire region of the Sultanate,
    which was in fact limited to the coastal area of present-day Oman.

  • [39] In 1934, APOC and Gulf Oil founded the Kuwait Oil Company as an equally owned partnership.

  • [180] In 2011, the company announced that it is focusing its investment in the UK North Sea into four development projects including the Clair, Devenick, Schiehallion and
    Loyal, and Kinnoull oilfields.

  • [175] Operations As of 31 December 2018, BP had operations in 78 countries worldwide[1] with the global headquarters in London, United Kingdom.

  • [25][26][27] APOC also signed a 30-year contract with the British Admiralty for supplying oil for the Royal Navy at the fixed price.

  • The new regime of Ayatollah Khomeini nationalised all of the company’s assets in Iran without compensation: as a result, BP lost 40% of its global crude oil supplies.

  • To ensure the approval of competition authorities, BP agreed to sell the former Statoil aviation fuel businesses in Copenhagen, Stockholm, Gothenburg and Malmö airports to
    World Fuel Services in 2015.

  • [82] In 1981, British Petroleum entered into the solar technology sector by acquiring 50% of Lucas Energy Systems, a company which became Lucas BP Solar Systems, and later
    BP Solar.

  • The company announced its departure from the solar energy market in December 2011 by closing its solar power business, BP Solar.

  • By 1928, the APOC’s shareholding in TPC, which by now was named Iraq Petroleum Company (IPC), was reduced to 23.75%; as the result of the changing geopolitics post Ottoman
    empire break-up, and the Red Line Agreement.

  • [170][171] However, BP remained a Rosneft shareholder throughout the whole 2022 year, which caused some criticism from the Ukrainian president’s office.

  • [141] In June 2014, BP agreed to a deal worth around $20 billion to supply CNOOC with liquefied natural gas.

  • [87][88] Most Amoco stations in the United States were converted to BP’s brand and corporate identity.

  • In Argentina, BP and Bridas Corporation agreed to merge their interests in Pan American Energy and Axion Energy to form a jointly owned Pan American Energy Group.

  • [183][184] Since 2018 BP operates the UK’s largest electric vehicle charging network through its subsidiary BP Chargemaster.

  • [75] During his period as chairman he reduced the company’s refining capacity in Europe.

  • [128] In November 2012, the U.S. Government temporarily banned BP from bidding any new federal contracts.

  • [4] It is a vertically integrated company operating in all areas of the oil and gas industry, including exploration and extraction, refining, distribution and marketing, power
    generation, and trading.

  • In 1978, the company acquired a controlling interest in Standard Oil of Ohio (Sohio).

  • [159] Amidst the COVID-19 pandemic, BP claimed that it would “accelerate the transition to a lower carbon economy and energy system” after announcing that the company had
    to write down $17.5 billion for the second quarter of 2020.

  • The oil discovery led to petrochemical industry development and also the establishment of industries that strongly depended on oil.

  • [28] In 1915, APOC established its shipping subsidiary the British Tanker Company and in 1916, it acquired the British Petroleum Company which was a marketing arm of the German
    Europäische Petroleum Union in Britain.

 

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